For women, one possible explanation is that women may be more likely than men to access GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medications through private routes, which often require substantial out-of-pocket costs [19] and may be less accessible to those with fewer financial resources
Postheparin plasma diamine oxidase in subjects with small bowel mucosal atrophy
69 Conversely, GLP-1 receptors in the myenteric plexus activate nitrergic and cyclic AMP signaling pathways to inhibit vagal activity within the gut, 70 resulting in decreased phasic gastric contractions, delayed gastric emptying, reduced gastric acid secretion, and increased fasting and postprandial gastric volumes
By activating both receptors simultaneously, it appears to restore GIP sensitivity in diabetic patients something researchers did not expect
Estrogen loss accelerates both oxidative stress and bone loss, making the argument for antioxidant supplementation biologically reasonable in this population